The difference between a physician assistant (PA), nurse practitioner (NP), and a registered nurse (RN) may seem difficult to determine at first glance. This is due to the fact that individuals in all three fields play similar roles in examining and treating patients. However, there are some important differences in the scope of services each may provide, as well as the level of education required to work in each position.
A registered nurse performs a range of duties, including recording medical histories, examining patients, providing treatment, and assisting in the administration of diagnostic tests. An RN may also analyze the results of certain tests, operate medical machinery, and administer medications. Often, RNs play active roles in helping patients with follow-up care, as well as educating them about various medical conditions. They may not prescribe medication.
Like an RN, a nurse practitioner performs many tasks involved in examining and treating patients. However, in most states, NPs are licensed to prescribe medications and may perform many of the same tasks as physicians, including diagnosing patient conditions. They may work in medical offices, hospitals, or other types of medical facilities, but do not require the supervision of a physician. Furthermore, NPs may act as primary-care providers, while RNs cannot.
A physician assistant performs many of the same tasks as an RN or NP. However, a PA must work under the supervision of a physician or surgeon and cannot operate an independent practice. PAs can, in many parts of the United States, prescribe medications. They can also serve as primary care providers, always under the supervision of a licensed physician.
Educational requirements vary for RNs, NPs, and PAs. To become an RN, an individual must typically obtain least an associate's degree in nursing. However, there are some programs leading to RN careers that issue diplomas instead of degrees. Other programs lead to the bachelor's degree in nursing. After completing the required education and training, RN candidates must pass a national licensing exam.
To become an NP, an individual must first meet the requirements to become an RN. Once licensed as an RN, that individual can choose to receive the additional training and education required to become an NP. This training typically last about two years and leads to, at least, a master's degree. Once the required education and training is complete, the NP candidate must pass a national exam to be licensed.
Physician assistants must complete a different type of education and training. In the United States, an individual must complete an accredited PA education program. Typically, such programs take about two years to complete. After the completion of a PA program, the candidate must pass a national certification exam. Different PA schools offer either a Master's Degree, Bachelor's Degree, or Certificate of Completion.
